Bishofia to Cupressus
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Bishofia javanica
koka, toog, bishopwood
- Family Euphorbiaceae.
- Native to India, China, and the South Pacific.
- Weed Risk Assessment: 7 (High) NOT RECOMMENDED for introduction to new areas in Hawaii or the Pacific.
- Photos: Tantalus, Oahu.
Calliandra calothyrsus
calliandra, red calliandra
- Family Fabaceae (Mimosoideae).
- Native to the western coast of Mexico to the northern coast of Panama.
- Leaves used for fodder and soil fertility enhancement. Wood used for fuel.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 1 (Low).
Calophyllum inophyllum
kamani, Alexandrian laurel, beautyleaf, Borneo mahogany, beach mahogany, poon, oil nut tree (English), kamani, kamanu (Hawaii), dilo (Fiji), beach Calophyllum (Papua New Guinea), daog or daok (Guam, Northern Marianas), btaches (Palau), biyuch (Yap), rakich (Chuuk), isou (Pohnpei), eet (Kosrae), lueg (Marshalls), fetau (Samoa), fetau (Tonga), tamanu (Cook Islands, Society Islands, Marquesas), te itai (Kiribati)
- Family Clusiaceae (syn. Guttiferae).
- Native to tropical Africa, East India, and eastern Polynesia and Micronesia.
- Special areas in Hawaii: Waimea Arboretum, Iolani Palace.
- Wood used in Hawaii for turned and carved craftwood, elsewhere for general construction, boat building, cabinetmaking and railroad crossties. An oil is extracted from the nuts and used medicinally in Pacific Island cultures.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 6 (evaluate further).
Cananga odorata
ylang-ylang, perfume tree (English); lanalana (Hawaii); chiráng, irang (Palau); derangerang, derangirang (Nauru); ilahnglahng, ilanlang (Kosrae); ilang-ilang, alang-ilang (Guam, CNMI); ilangilang, lengileng, alangilang, pur-n-wai, pwurenwai, seir en wai (Pohnpei); ilanilan (Marshall Islands); makosoi, mokohoi, makasui, mokosoi (Fiji); mohokoi (Tonga); mosooi (Samoa); motoi (Society Islands); moto‘oi, mata‘oi, mato‘oi (Cook Islands, Niue, Tahiti); motoi (Marquesas–Nukuhiva, Niue); mutui (Marquesas–Fatuhiva); pwalang (Puluwat Atoll); pwanang, pwuur, pwalang (Chuuk); sao (Solomon Islands)
- Family Annonaceae.
- native to southeast Asia.
- flowers used to make perfume and for lei or garlands, particularly in Micronesia.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 3 (low)
Casuarina cunninghamiana
river-oak casuarina, small-cone ironwood, Australian pine, beefwood
- Family Casuarinaceae.
- Native to Australia.
- Used in Hawaii for windbreaks at higher elevations. Wood used for fuel.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 12 (PEST).
Casuarina equisetifolia
(syn. Casuarina litorea), iron wood, coast she-oak, whistling pine, Australian pine, horsetail beefwood, Australian oak, swamp oak, toa (Samoa)
- Family Casuarinaceae.
- Native to Christmas Island, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, New Caledonia, Papau New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu.
- Wood used for fuel, building poles, sawn or hewn building timber, wall panelling, shingles, exterior fittings, fences, railway sleepers, woodware, tool handles, boats, pulp, textiles, and cellulose derivitives.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 15 (PEST) NOT RECOMMENDED for introduction to new areas in Hawaii. Click here for information from Weeds of Hawaii.
Casuarina glauca
longleaf casuarina, longleaf ironwood, swamp she-oak
- Family Casuarinaceae.
- Native to Australia.
- Wood used for fuel, posts, sawn or hewn building timber, flooring, exterior fittings, fences, woodware, tool handles, turnery, wood based material, particleboard. Prolific root sprouts.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 20 (PEST) NOT RECOMMENDED for introduction to new areas in Hawaii.
Cedrela odorata
(syn. Cedrela dugesii, Cedrela guianensis, Cedrela mexicana, Cedrela occidentalis, Cedrela sintenisii), Spanish cedar, West Indian cedar, cigar box cedar, cedarwood
- Family Meliaceae.
- Native throughout the Caribbean, Central and South America.
- Wood used for light construction, posts, building timber, carpentry, joinery, wall panelling, fences, containers, woodware, cutlery, musical instruments, turnery, furniture, veneers, boats, wood based material, plywood, particle board.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 2 (Evaluate further).
Cordia subcordata
kou (Hawaii), sea trumpet, beach cordia, tauanave (American Samoa), puataukanave (Tonga), vaua asi (Solomon Islands), kalau (Palau), te kanawa (Kiribati), koa (Guam), niyoron (Guam, northern Marianas), galu (Yap), ikoak (Kosrae), ikoik (Pohnpei), anau (Chuuk), nawanawa (Fiji), tou (Cook Islands), ironwood (Australia)
- Family Boraginaceae.
- Native through Indian Ocean to Pacific Islands.
- Special areas: Waimea Arboretum, Foster, Iolani Palace.
- Wood used for crafts, bowls, cups and dishes. Favored for calabashes in pre-Western Hawaii.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: -3 (OK).
Corymbia citriodora
syn. Eucalyptus citriodora, lemon scented gum
- Native to Australia.
- Special areas in Hawaii: Tantalus.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 9 (High).
- Photos by Bart Potter from Tantalus, Oahu, Hawaii.
Cryptomeria japonica
(syn. Cryptomeria fortunei, Cryptomeria kawaii, Cryptomeria mairei, Cupressus japonica), Sugi pine, Japanese cedar
- Family Taxodiaceae.
- Native to Japan and China.
- Introduced to Hawaii in the late 1880's.
- Wood used for construction, paneling, furniture and fence posts.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: -3 (OK).
Cunninghamia lanceolata
syn. C. sinensis, Chinese fir.
- Family Taxodiaceae.
- Native to China.
- Special area: Volcano village.
- Planted in forest reserves and as a windbreak at higher elevations. Photos from Hawaii Island.
Cupressus lusitanica
syn. Cupressus glauca, Mexican cypress, Portuguese cypress
- Family Cupressaceae.
- Native to Mexico, long planted in Portugal.
- Planted as a windbreak and ornamental. Young trees used as Christmas trees.
- Weed Risk Assessment Score: 6 (Low).
Cupressus macrocarpa
Monterey cypress
- Family Cupressaceae.
- Native to California.
- Planted in Hawaii for timber and as a windbreak and ornamental. Wood used for general construction.
- Planted the Forest Reserves on all islands at higher elevations. Special areas: Kokee (Kauai), Olinda (Maui), Waimea (Hawaii), and Volcano Village (Hawaii).
When we see land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect. - Aldo Leopold, 1948